{"id":10313,"date":"2026-08-14T02:15:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T23:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/?page_id=10313"},"modified":"2026-08-14T02:28:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T23:28:36","slug":"bologna-process-ects","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/erasmus\/outgoing\/student\/bologna-process-ects\/","title":{"rendered":"Bologna Process and ECTS"},"content":{"rendered":"<style data-wp-block-html=\"css\">\n\/* ============================================================\n   SC\u00dc \u2013 BOLOGNA S\u00dcREC\u0130 VE AKTS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-page {\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 1290px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  padding: 0;\n  box-sizing: border-box;\n  font-family: inherit;\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-page *,\n.scu-bologna-page *::before,\n.scu-bologna-page *::after {\n  box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-page a {\n  text-decoration: none !important;\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-anchor {\n  scroll-margin-top: 110px;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   HERO\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-hero {\n  position: relative;\n  overflow: hidden;\n\n  margin-bottom: 26px;\n  padding: 40px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background:\n    linear-gradient(\n      135deg,\n      #17357f 0%,\n      #2444b8 100%\n    );\n\n  border-radius: 24px;\n\n  box-shadow:\n    0 14px 35px\n    rgba(20, 38, 86, .14);\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-hero::before,\n.scu-bologna-hero::after {\n  content: \"\";\n  position: absolute;\n  pointer-events: none;\n  border-radius: 50%;\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-hero::before {\n  width: 340px;\n  height: 340px;\n\n  right: -130px;\n  top: -155px;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .08);\n}\n\n.scu-bologna-hero::after {\n  width: 185px;\n  height: 185px;\n\n  right: 185px;\n  bottom: -115px;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .055);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-eyebrow {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 7px;\n\n  color: #ef3e5a;\n\n  font-size: 13px;\n  line-height: 1.35;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero .scu-bologna-eyebrow {\n  color:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .82);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero h1 {\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 2;\n\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  font-size: 38px;\n  line-height: 1.16;\n  font-weight: 600;\n\n  letter-spacing: -.025em;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-description {\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 2;\n\n  max-width: 980px;\n\n  margin: 15px 0 0;\n\n  color:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .86);\n\n  font-size: 15.5px;\n  line-height: 1.72;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   HERO HIGHLIGHTS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlights {\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 2;\n\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 10px;\n\n  margin-top: 26px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n\n  gap: 11px;\n\n  min-width: 0;\n\n  padding: 12px 13px;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .10);\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .16);\n\n  border-radius: 13px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight > i {\n  flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n  width: 35px;\n  height: 35px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .13);\n\n  border-radius: 10px;\n\n  font-size: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight span,\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight strong {\n  display: block;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight span {\n  margin-bottom: 2px;\n\n  color:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);\n\n  font-size: 10px;\n  line-height: 1.3;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-highlight strong {\n  color: #fff;\n\n  font-size: 12px;\n  line-height: 1.35;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   HERO BUTTONS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-hero-actions {\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 2;\n\n  display: flex;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n\n  gap: 9px;\n\n  margin-top: 20px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-btn {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  gap: 7px;\n\n  min-height: 40px;\n\n  padding: 9px 13px;\n\n  color: #fff !important;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .11);\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .20);\n\n  border-radius: 10px;\n\n  font-size: 12.5px;\n  line-height: 1.25;\n  font-weight: 600;\n\n  transition:\n    transform .2s ease,\n    background .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-btn.is-primary {\n  color: #17357f !important;\n\n  background: #fff;\n\n  border-color: #fff;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-btn:hover {\n  transform: translateY(-1px);\n\n  background:\n    rgba(255, 255, 255, .18);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-btn.is-primary:hover {\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   SECTION\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-section {\n  margin-bottom: 26px;\n  padding: 28px;\n\n  background: #fff;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(33, 58, 160, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 20px;\n\n  box-shadow:\n    0 10px 28px\n    rgba(20, 38, 86, .045);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-section-head {\n  display: block !important;\n\n  margin-bottom: 22px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-section-head h2 {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 26px;\n  line-height: 1.25;\n  font-weight: 600;\n\n  letter-spacing: -.02em;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-section-head p {\n  display: block;\n\n  max-width: 1040px;\n\n  margin: 10px 0 0;\n\n  color: #5f6b82;\n\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.7;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   INTRO\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-intro {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    minmax(0, 1.2fr)\n    minmax(310px, .8fr);\n\n  gap: 20px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-intro-main {\n  padding: 24px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 18px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-intro-main p {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    14px;\n\n  color: #4f5b70;\n\n  font-size: 14.5px;\n  line-height: 1.78;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-intro-main p:last-child {\n  margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-intro-side {\n  display: grid;\n\n  gap: 10px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-fact {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: flex-start;\n\n  gap: 11px;\n\n  padding: 14px;\n\n  background: #fff;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .09);\n\n  border-radius: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-fact > i {\n  flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n  width: 35px;\n  height: 35px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 10px;\n\n  font-size: 15px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-fact strong,\n.scu-bologna-fact span {\n  display: block;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-fact strong {\n  margin-bottom: 3px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 13.5px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-fact span {\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.5px;\n  line-height: 1.55;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   TIMELINE\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-timeline {\n  display: grid;\n\n  gap: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-timeline-item {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    110px\n    minmax(0, 1fr);\n\n  gap: 18px;\n\n  padding: 18px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-year {\n  width: fit-content;\n  min-width: 84px;\n  height: 38px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  padding: 0 11px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 10px;\n\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-timeline-item.is-important\n.scu-bologna-year {\n  background: #ef3e5a;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-timeline-item h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    5px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 16px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-timeline-item p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 13px;\n  line-height: 1.65;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   CORE TOOLS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-tool-grid {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool {\n  min-height: 100%;\n\n  padding: 21px;\n\n  background:\n    linear-gradient(\n      180deg,\n      #f7f9fd 0%,\n      #fff 100%\n    );\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 17px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  width: 43px;\n  height: 43px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  margin-bottom: 14px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 13px;\n\n  font-size: 19px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool:nth-child(2)\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  background: #009b77;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool:nth-child(3)\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  background: #00a6d6;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool:nth-child(4)\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  background: #7651a8;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool:nth-child(5)\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  background: #c6812a;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool:nth-child(6)\n.scu-bologna-tool-icon {\n  background: #ef3e5a;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    7px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 16px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tool p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.8px;\n  line-height: 1.65;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   ECTS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-ects-overview {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    minmax(0, 1fr)\n    330px;\n\n  gap: 20px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-main {\n  padding: 24px;\n\n  background:\n    linear-gradient(\n      135deg,\n      rgba(23, 53, 127, .055),\n      rgba(0, 166, 214, .055)\n    );\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .10);\n\n  border-radius: 18px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-main h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    10px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 18px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-main p {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    13px;\n\n  color: #4f5b70;\n\n  font-size: 14px;\n  line-height: 1.72;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-main p:last-child {\n  margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-stats {\n  display: grid;\n\n  gap: 10px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-stat {\n  padding: 16px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-stat span,\n.scu-ects-stat strong {\n  display: block;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-stat span {\n  margin-bottom: 4px;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 10.5px;\n  line-height: 1.35;\n\n  text-transform: uppercase;\n\n  letter-spacing: .03em;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-stat strong {\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 18px;\n  line-height: 1.3;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   ECTS PRINCIPLES\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-ects-principle-grid {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 14px;\n\n  margin-top: 20px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-principle {\n  padding: 17px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 15px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-principle i {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 21px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-principle strong {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 5px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 13.5px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-ects-principle p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12px;\n  line-height: 1.55;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   CYCLES\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle-grid {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle {\n  min-height: 100%;\n\n  padding: 20px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle span {\n  display: inline-flex;\n\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n  padding: 5px 8px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 8px;\n\n  font-size: 11px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    6px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle strong {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 7px;\n\n  color: #ef3e5a;\n\n  font-size: 17px;\n  line-height: 1.3;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-cycle p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.3px;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   TURKEY \/ Y\u00d6K\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-tr-grid {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tr-card {\n  min-height: 100%;\n\n  padding: 21px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 17px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tr-card i {\n  width: 42px;\n  height: 42px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  margin-bottom: 13px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 12px;\n\n  font-size: 18px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tr-card h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    7px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 15.5px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-tr-card p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.8px;\n  line-height: 1.65;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   RECOGNITION\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-recognition {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-recognition-card {\n  padding: 21px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 17px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-recognition-card i {\n  width: 41px;\n  height: 41px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  margin-bottom: 13px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  background:\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 12px;\n\n  font-size: 18px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-recognition-card h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    7px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-recognition-card p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.8px;\n  line-height: 1.65;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   QUALITY\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-quality-grid {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-quality {\n  padding: 19px;\n\n  background:\n    linear-gradient(\n      180deg,\n      #f7f9fd,\n      #fff\n    );\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 16px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-quality-badge {\n  display: inline-flex;\n\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n  padding: 5px 8px;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 8px;\n\n  font-size: 11px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-quality h3 {\n  margin:\n    0 0\n    6px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-quality p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.4px;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   LOGO ECOSYSTEM\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-grid {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 15px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-card {\n  display: flex;\n  flex-direction: column;\n\n  min-height: 215px;\n\n  padding: 19px;\n\n  color: #17357f !important;\n\n  background: #fff;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .09);\n\n  border-radius: 17px;\n\n  transition:\n    transform .2s ease,\n    border-color .2s ease,\n    box-shadow .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-box {\n  min-height: 98px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  margin-bottom: 15px;\n  padding: 12px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border-radius: 13px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-box img {\n  display: block;\n\n  width: auto;\n  max-width: 100%;\n  max-height: 76px;\n\n  object-fit: contain;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-card strong {\n  display: block;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 14px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-card span {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-top: 5px;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 11.8px;\n  line-height: 1.5;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-logo-card:hover {\n  transform: translateY(-2px);\n\n  border-color:\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .18);\n\n  box-shadow:\n    0 10px 24px\n    rgba(20, 38, 86, .06);\n}\n\n\n\/* Y\u00d6K logo fallback *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-yok-fallback {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  width: 84px;\n  height: 84px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  border:\n    3px solid #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 50%;\n\n  font-size: 21px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   STUDENT\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-student-grid {\n  display: grid;\n\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 14px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-student {\n  padding: 18px;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .08);\n\n  border-radius: 15px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-student i {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 21px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-student strong {\n  display: block;\n\n  margin-bottom: 5px;\n\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 13.5px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-student p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 12.2px;\n  line-height: 1.55;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   INFO\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-info,\n.scu-bologna-warning {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: flex-start;\n\n  gap: 12px;\n\n  padding: 17px 18px;\n\n  border-radius: 15px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-info {\n  background:\n    rgba(0, 166, 214, .07);\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(0, 166, 214, .15);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-warning {\n  background:\n    rgba(198, 129, 42, .08);\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(198, 129, 42, .17);\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-info > i {\n  color: #00a6d6;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-warning > i {\n  color: #c6812a;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-info > i,\n.scu-bologna-warning > i {\n  flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n  font-size: 19px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-info p,\n.scu-bologna-warning p {\n  margin: 0;\n\n  color: #4f5b70;\n\n  font-size: 13px;\n  line-height: 1.67;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   LINKS\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-links {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns:\n    repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n  gap: 13px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link {\n  position: relative;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n\n  gap: 12px;\n\n  min-height: 76px;\n\n  padding:\n    14px 42px\n    14px 14px;\n\n  color: #17357f !important;\n\n  background: #f7f9fd;\n\n  border:\n    1px solid\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .09);\n\n  border-radius: 15px;\n\n  transition:\n    transform .2s ease,\n    background .2s ease,\n    border-color .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link > i:first-child {\n  flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n  width: 39px;\n  height: 39px;\n\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n\n  color: #fff;\n\n  background: #17357f;\n\n  border-radius: 11px;\n\n  font-size: 17px;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link div {\n  min-width: 0;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link strong,\n.scu-bologna-link span {\n  display: block;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link strong {\n  color: #17357f;\n\n  font-size: 13px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link span {\n  margin-top: 3px;\n\n  color: #68738a;\n\n  font-size: 11.4px;\n  line-height: 1.45;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link >\n.bi-arrow-up-right,\n.scu-bologna-link >\n.bi-chevron-right {\n  position: absolute;\n\n  right: 15px;\n  top: 50%;\n\n  transform: translateY(-50%);\n\n  opacity: .35;\n}\n\n\n.scu-bologna-link:hover {\n  transform: translateY(-2px);\n\n  background: #fff;\n\n  border-color:\n    rgba(23, 53, 127, .18);\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   ACCESSIBILITY\n============================================================ *\/\n\n.scu-bologna-page a:focus-visible {\n  outline:\n    3px solid\n    #ffcc00;\n\n  outline-offset: 3px;\n}\n\n\n\/* ============================================================\n   RESPONSIVE\n============================================================ *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 1050px) {\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero-highlights,\n  .scu-ects-principle-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-cycle-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-quality-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-logo-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-student-grid {\n    grid-template-columns:\n      repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-intro,\n  .scu-ects-overview {\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n  }\n\n}\n\n\n@media (max-width: 850px) {\n\n  .scu-bologna-tool-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-tr-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-recognition,\n  .scu-bologna-links {\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n  }\n\n}\n\n\n@media (max-width: 700px) {\n\n  .scu-bologna-page {\n    width: 100%;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero {\n    padding: 28px 20px;\n\n    border-radius: 20px;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero h1 {\n    font-size: 28px;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero-description {\n    font-size: 14.5px;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero-highlights,\n  .scu-ects-principle-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-cycle-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-quality-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-logo-grid,\n  .scu-bologna-student-grid {\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-hero-actions {\n    display: grid;\n\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-btn {\n    width: 100%;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-section {\n    padding: 22px 18px;\n\n    border-radius: 18px;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-section-head h2 {\n    font-size: 22px;\n  }\n\n\n  .scu-bologna-timeline-item {\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n\n    gap: 11px;\n  }\n\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"scu-bologna-page\">\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       HERO\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <header class=\"scu-bologna-hero\">\n\n    <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n      Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 \u00b7 Akademik \u015eeffafl\u0131k ve Tan\u0131nma\n    <\/span>\n\n    <h1>Bologna Process and ECTS<\/h1>\n\n    <p class=\"scu-bologna-hero-description\">\n      Bologna S\u00fcreci; Avrupa&#8217;daki y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemlerinin\n      kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir, \u015feffaf, \u00f6\u011frenci merkezli ve uluslararas\u0131\n      hareketlili\u011fi destekleyen ortak bir yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde geli\u015fmesini\n      ama\u00e7layan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler aras\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi s\u00fcrecidir. AKTS, Diploma Eki,\n      yeterlilik \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri, akademik tan\u0131nma ve kalite g\u00fcvencesi\n      bu yap\u0131n\u0131n temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-hero-highlights\">\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-hero-highlight\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-calendar-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <span>Bologna S\u00fcreci<\/span>\n          <strong>1999&#8217;dan Beri<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-hero-highlight\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-flag\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <span>T\u00fcrkiye<\/span>\n          <strong>2001&#8217;den Beri \u00dcye<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-hero-highlight\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-globe-europe-africa\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <span>Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131<\/span>\n          <strong>49 \u00dclke<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-hero-highlight\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-pie-chart\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <span>ECTS<\/span>\n          <strong>60 Kredi = 1 Akademik Y\u0131l<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <nav class=\"scu-bologna-hero-actions\" aria-label=\"Bologna S\u00fcreci sayfa ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131\">\n\n      <a href=\"#bologna\" class=\"scu-bologna-btn is-primary\">\n        <i class=\"bi bi-info-circle\"><\/i>\n        Bologna S\u00fcreci\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a href=\"#aya\" class=\"scu-bologna-btn\">\n        <i class=\"bi bi-globe-europe-africa\"><\/i>\n        AYA \/ EHEA\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a href=\"#akts\" class=\"scu-bologna-btn\">\n        <i class=\"bi bi-pie-chart\"><\/i>\n        ECTS\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a href=\"#turkiye\" class=\"scu-bologna-btn\">\n        <i class=\"bi bi-building\"><\/i>\n        T\u00fcrkiye ve Y\u00d6K\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a href=\"#taninma\" class=\"scu-bologna-btn\">\n        <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n        Akademik Tan\u0131nma\n      <\/a>\n\n    <\/nav>\n\n  <\/header>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       BOLOGNA S\u00dcREC\u0130\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section scu-bologna-anchor\" id=\"bologna\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        General Information\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Bologna S\u00fcreci Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Bologna S\u00fcreci, Avrupa y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemlerinin\n        birbirine benzetilmesinden ziyade bu sistemlerin\n        kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir, anla\u015f\u0131labilir ve birbirleriyle\n        uyumlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ortak bir reform s\u00fcrecidir.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-intro\">\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-intro-main\">\n\n        <p>\n          S\u00fcre\u00e7, 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Bologna Bildirgesi ile\n          ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa \u00fclkeleri y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimde hareketlili\u011fi\n          kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, akademik derecelerin anla\u015f\u0131labilirli\u011fini\n          art\u0131rmak, kalite g\u00fcvencesini geli\u015ftirmek ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin\n          farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde elde ettikleri \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n\n          tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla ortak hedefler\n          belirlemi\u015ftir.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n          Bologna S\u00fcreci sonucunda Avrupa&#8217;da y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim i\u00e7in ortak\n          bir dil geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Lisans, y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora\n          kademeleri; AKTS; Diploma Eki; yeterlilik \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri;\n          \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131; \u00f6\u011frenci merkezli \u00f6\u011frenme; kalite\n          g\u00fcvencesi ve tan\u0131nma bu ortak dilin temel unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n          S\u00fcre\u00e7, \u00fclkelerin ulusal y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemlerini ortadan\n          kald\u0131rmaz. Her \u00fclke kendi mevzuat\u0131n\u0131, kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve program\n          yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 korurken \u00fczerinde uzla\u015f\u0131lan Bologna ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131\n          kendi y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemine uygular.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n      <div class=\"scu-bologna-intro-side\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-fact\">\n\n          <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-left-right\"><\/i>\n\n          <div>\n            <strong>Hareketlilik<\/strong>\n            <span>\n              \u00d6\u011frenci ve personelin \u00fclkeler ve kurumlar aras\u0131nda\n              hareketlili\u011finin kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-fact\">\n\n          <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n\n          <div>\n            <strong>Tan\u0131nma<\/strong>\n            <span>\n              Derecelerin ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tamamlanan \u00f6\u011frenme\n              d\u00f6nemlerinin adil bi\u00e7imde tan\u0131nmas\u0131.\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-fact\">\n\n          <i class=\"bi bi-shield-check\"><\/i>\n\n          <div>\n            <strong>Quality assurance<\/strong>\n            <span>\n              Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcven sa\u011flayan ortak\n              kalite ilkelerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi.\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-fact\">\n\n          <i class=\"bi bi-person-check\"><\/i>\n\n          <div>\n            <strong>\u00d6\u011frenci Merkezli E\u011fitim<\/strong>\n            <span>\n              \u00d6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenci i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn\n              e\u011fitim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n merkezine al\u0131nmas\u0131.\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-warning\" style=\"margin-top:18px;\">\n\n      <i class=\"bi bi-exclamation-circle\"><\/i>\n\n      <p>\n        <strong>Bologna S\u00fcreci tek tip e\u011fitim sistemi de\u011fildir.<\/strong>\n        Avrupa&#8217;daki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcniversitelerin ayn\u0131 dersleri, ayn\u0131 not\n        sistemini veya ayn\u0131 m\u00fcfredat\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmez.\n        Ama\u00e7, farkl\u0131 y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemlerinin daha anla\u015f\u0131labilir,\n        kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir ve birbirleriyle uyumlu hale gelmesidir.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       TAR\u0130H\u00c7E\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        History\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Bologna S\u00fcrecinin Geli\u015fimi<\/h2>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-timeline\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          1998\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Sorbonne Bildirgesi<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Avrupa&#8217;daki y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n uyumlulu\u011funu\n            geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli siyasi ad\u0131mlardan biri at\u0131ld\u0131.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item is-important\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          1999\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Bologna Bildirgesi<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Bologna S\u00fcreci resmen ba\u015flad\u0131 ve Avrupa y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n            sistemlerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirli\u011fini art\u0131racak ortak\n            hedefler belirlendi.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item is-important\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2001\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            T\u00fcrkiye, Prag Bakanlar Konferans\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Bologna\n            S\u00fcrecine kat\u0131larak Avrupa y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim reformlar\u0131n\u0131n\n            aktif bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2005\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Kalite G\u00fcvencesi ve Yeterlilikler<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Bergen s\u00fcrecinde kalite g\u00fcvencesi standartlar\u0131 ve\n            Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 yeterlilik \u00e7er\u00e7evesi\n            Bologna uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n temel par\u00e7alar\u0131 haline geldi.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item is-important\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2010\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Budape\u015fte-Viyana Bakanlar Konferans\u0131 ile Avrupa\n            Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 (EHEA \/ AYA) resmen hayata ge\u00e7irildi.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2015\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>ESG 2015<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131nda kalite g\u00fcvencesine ili\u015fkin\n            g\u00fcncel Avrupa Standartlar\u0131 ve Y\u00f6nergeleri kabul edildi.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2018\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Temel Bologna Taahh\u00fctleri<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            \u00dc\u00e7 kademeli derece yap\u0131s\u0131 ve AKTS, Lizbon Tan\u0131ma\n            S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi do\u011frultusunda tan\u0131nma ve ESG uyumlu kalite\n            g\u00fcvencesi temel taahh\u00fctler olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirildi.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-timeline-item\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-year\">\n          2024\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div>\n\n          <h3>Tiran Bakanlar Konferans\u0131<\/h3>\n\n          <p>\n            Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131n\u0131n gelecek d\u00f6nem \u00f6ncelikleri,\n            temel de\u011ferler, sosyal boyut, hareketlilik, tan\u0131nma,\n            \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme konular\u0131 yeniden ele al\u0131nd\u0131.\n          <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       AYA \/ EHEA\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section scu-bologna-anchor\" id=\"aya\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        European Higher Education Area\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 \u2013 AYA \/ EHEA<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131, Bologna S\u00fcrecinde geli\u015ftirilen\n        ortak politika ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n        i\u015f birli\u011fi alan\u0131d\u0131r.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-layers\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>\u00dc\u00e7 Kademeli Yap\u0131<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Lisans, y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora d\u00fczeylerinin\n          kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir bir yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131.\n          K\u0131sa kademe yeterlilikler de sistem i\u00e7erisinde yer alabilir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-pie-chart\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>AKTS \/ ECTS<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          \u00d6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenci i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcne dayal\u0131 Avrupa\n          Kredi Transfer ve Biriktirme Sistemi.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-file-earmark-richtext\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>Diploma Supplement<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Mezun olunan yeterlili\u011fin d\u00fczeyini, i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve\n          akademik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 standartta a\u00e7\u0131klayan\n          tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 belge.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-diagram-3\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>Yeterlilik \u00c7er\u00e7eveleri<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Derecelerin yaln\u0131z isimleriyle de\u011fil, d\u00fczeyleri ve\n          \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131yla tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan\n          QF-EHEA ve ulusal yeterlilik \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>Akademik Tan\u0131nma<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Derecelerin ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tamamlanan \u00f6\u011frenme\n          d\u00f6nemlerinin Lizbon Tan\u0131ma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ilkelerine g\u00f6re\n          adil bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirilmesi.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tool\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-tool-icon\">\n          <i class=\"bi bi-shield-check\"><\/i>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>Quality assurance<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Kurumlar\u0131n ve kalite g\u00fcvencesi ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n ESG\n          do\u011frultusunda ortak kalite ilkeleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-info\" style=\"margin-top:18px;\">\n\n      <i class=\"bi bi-diagram-2\"><\/i>\n\n      <p>\n        <strong>BFUG \u2013 Bologna Follow-Up Group<\/strong>,\n        Bakanlar Konferanslar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki d\u00f6nemde Avrupa\n        Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimini ve Bologna\n        taahh\u00fctlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 takip eden temel\n        y\u00fcr\u00fctme yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       AKTS\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section scu-bologna-anchor\" id=\"akts\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>AKTS \u2013 Avrupa Kredi Transfer ve Biriktirme Sistemi<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        AKTS, \u00f6\u011frencinin bir dersi veya e\u011fitim bile\u015fenini\n        ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlamak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi beklenen\n        toplam i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ve \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 temel alan\n        \u00f6\u011frenci merkezli kredi sistemidir.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-ects-overview\">\n\n      <div class=\"scu-ects-main\">\n\n        <h3>AKTS yaln\u0131zca ders saati de\u011fildir<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          AKTS kredisi yaln\u0131zca \u00f6\u011frencinin s\u0131n\u0131fta ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi\n          s\u00fcreye g\u00f6re belirlenmez. Ders, uygulama, laboratuvar,\n          proje, bireysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, s\u0131nava haz\u0131rl\u0131k, s\u0131nav,\n          staj ve \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in gerekli\n          di\u011fer akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar toplam \u00f6\u011frenci i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn\n          bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n          Bir akademik y\u0131ldaki tam zamanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc\n          <strong>60 AKTS<\/strong> olarak kabul edilir.\n          AKTS kredileri, \u00f6\u011frencinin tan\u0131mlanan \u00f6\u011frenme\n          kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla elde etmesiyle kazan\u0131l\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n          AKTS&#8217;nin hem <strong>transfer<\/strong> hem de\n          <strong>biriktirme<\/strong> i\u015flevi vard\u0131r.\n          B\u00f6ylece bir kurumda kazan\u0131lan kredilerin ba\u015fka bir\n          kurum veya hareketlilik d\u00f6nemi kapsam\u0131nda akademik\n          tan\u0131nmas\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n      <div class=\"scu-ects-stats\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-ects-stat\">\n          <span>Tam Akademik Y\u0131l<\/span>\n          <strong>60 AKTS<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"scu-ects-stat\">\n          <span>Bir Yar\u0131y\u0131l<\/span>\n          <strong>Yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 AKTS<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"scu-ects-stat\">\n          <span>SC\u00dc \/ T\u00fcrkiye Uygulamas\u0131<\/span>\n          <strong>1 AKTS \u2248 25\u201330 Saat<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"scu-ects-stat\">\n          <span>Temel Yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/span>\n          <strong>\u0130\u015f Y\u00fck\u00fc + \u00d6\u011frenme Kazan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>\n        <\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-ects-principle-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-ects-principle\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-bullseye\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>\u00d6\u011frenme Kazan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          \u00d6\u011frencinin e\u011fitim sonunda ne bilece\u011fi,\n          anlayaca\u011f\u0131 ve yapabilece\u011fi tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-ects-principle\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-clock\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>\u00d6\u011frenci \u0130\u015f Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          \u00d6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gereken\n          toplam \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-ects-principle\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-left-right\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Kredi Transferi<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Ba\u015fka bir kurumda kazan\u0131lan akademik kredilerin\n          tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-ects-principle\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-plus-circle\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Kredi Biriktirme<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          \u00d6\u011frencinin program boyunca kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kredilerin\n          dereceye do\u011fru biriktirilmesini sa\u011flar.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       KADEMELER\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        Yeterlilik Yap\u0131s\u0131\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kademeleri ve AKTS<\/h2>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-cycle-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-cycle\">\n\n        <span>TYY\u00c7 Seviye 5<\/span>\n\n        <h3>\u00d6nlisans<\/h3>\n\n        <strong>120 AKTS<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Genel olarak iki y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u0131sa kademe\n          y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131d\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-cycle\">\n\n        <span>TYY\u00c7 Seviye 6<\/span>\n\n        <h3>Lisans<\/h3>\n\n        <strong>240 AKTS<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki standart d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k lisans\n          programlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam kredi y\u00fck\u00fcd\u00fcr.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-cycle\">\n\n        <span>TYY\u00c7 Seviye 7<\/span>\n\n        <h3>Y\u00fcksek Lisans<\/h3>\n\n        <strong>60\u2013120 AKTS<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Program t\u00fcr\u00fc ve yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re tezli veya\n          tezsiz ikinci kademe programlard\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-cycle\">\n\n        <span>TYY\u00c7 Seviye 8<\/span>\n\n        <h3>Doktora<\/h3>\n\n        <strong>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Kademe<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve ileri d\u00fczey \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131na\n          dayal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kademe y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim yeterlili\u011fidir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       T\u00dcRK\u0130YE VE Y\u00d6K\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section scu-bologna-anchor\" id=\"turkiye\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        T\u00fcrkiye\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Y\u00d6K, TYY\u00c7 ve Bologna S\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 ile uyum\n        \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ulusal y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyindeki temel\n        kurumlar\u0131ndan biri Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kuruludur.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-tr-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-building\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurulu \u2013 Y\u00d6K<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sisteminin planlanmas\u0131,\n          koordinasyonu ve y\u00f6netimine ili\u015fkin ulusal yetkileri\n          \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Bologna S\u00fcreci ve Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n          Alan\u0131na uyum \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-diagram-3\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>TYY\u00c7<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Yeterlilikler \u00c7er\u00e7evesi,\n          y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim yeterliliklerini 5, 6, 7 ve 8.\n          seviyelerde \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131, kredi ve yeterlilik\n          t\u00fcrleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlar.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>TY\u00c7 ve TYY\u00c7 \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye Yeterlilikler \u00c7er\u00e7evesi (TY\u00c7) b\u00fct\u00fcn e\u011fitim\n          ve yeterlilik seviyelerini kapsayan ulusal \u00e7er\u00e7evedir.\n          TYY\u00c7 ise bunun y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eder.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-card-list\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>Program Yeterlilikleri<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          E\u011fitim programlar\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131,\n          ders kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve AKTS yap\u0131s\u0131 program yeterlilikleriyle\n          ili\u015fkilendirilir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-person-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>\u00d6\u011frenci Merkezli \u00d6\u011frenme<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Ders tasar\u0131m\u0131nda yaln\u0131z \u00f6\u011fretim i\u00e7eri\u011fi de\u011fil,\n          \u00f6\u011frencinin \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve bu kazan\u0131mlar i\u00e7in\n          gereken i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc esas al\u0131n\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-tr-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-shield-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>Y\u00d6KAK<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kalite Kurulu, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki\n          y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kalite g\u00fcvencesi sisteminin ulusal\n          kurumudur ve Avrupa kalite g\u00fcvencesi yap\u0131lar\u0131yla\n          ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       TANINMA\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section scu-bologna-anchor\" id=\"taninma\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        Recognition of Qualifications\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Akademik Tan\u0131nma, ENIC-NARIC ve Lizbon S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Akademik tan\u0131nma, Bologna S\u00fcrecinin yaln\u0131zca hareketlilik\n        a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim yeterliliklerinin \u00fclkeler\n        aras\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da temel unsurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-recognition\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-recognition-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-journal-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>Lizbon Tan\u0131ma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Avrupa Konseyi ve UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan 1997&#8217;de kabul edilen\n          s\u00f6zle\u015fme, Avrupa b\u00f6lgesindeki y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n          yeterliliklerinin adil bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirilmesinin\n          temel uluslararas\u0131 hukuki \u00e7er\u00e7evesidir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-recognition-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-globe2\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>ENIC-NARIC A\u011flar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          \u00dclkelerin e\u011fitim sistemleri, tan\u0131nan y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n          kurumlar\u0131, yeterlilikler ve akademik tan\u0131nma\n          prosed\u00fcrleri hakk\u0131nda resm\u00ee bilgi sa\u011flayan ulusal\n          merkezlerin Avrupa a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-recognition-card\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-building-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <h3>ENIC-NARIC T\u00fcrkiye<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin resm\u00ee ENIC-NARIC merkezi,\n          Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurulu Tan\u0131ma ve Denklik Hizmetleri\n          Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde faaliyet g\u00f6stermektedir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-info\" style=\"margin-top:18px;\">\n\n      <i class=\"bi bi-info-circle\"><\/i>\n\n      <p>\n        <strong>Akademik tan\u0131nma ile denklik ayn\u0131 kavram de\u011fildir.<\/strong>\n        Erasmus+ kapsam\u0131nda bir hareketlilik d\u00f6nemindeki derslerin\n        akademik programa tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ile yabanc\u0131 bir y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n        diplomas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki diploma denklik s\u00fcreci farkl\u0131\n        i\u015flemlerdir.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       KAL\u0130TE G\u00dcVENCES\u0130\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        Quality Assurance\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>ESG, ENQA, EQAR ve Y\u00d6KAK<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Bologna S\u00fcrecinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in farkl\u0131\n        \u00fclkelerin birbirlerinin y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kalite sistemlerine\n        g\u00fcvenebilmesi gerekir. Avrupa kalite g\u00fcvencesi yap\u0131s\u0131 bu\n        kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcveni destekler.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-quality-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-quality\">\n\n        <span class=\"scu-bologna-quality-badge\">\n          ESG\n        <\/span>\n\n        <h3>Avrupa Standartlar\u0131 ve Y\u00f6nergeleri<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131nda i\u00e7 kalite g\u00fcvencesi,\n          d\u0131\u015f kalite g\u00fcvencesi ve kalite ajanslar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortak\n          kalite \u00e7er\u00e7evesini olu\u015fturur.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-quality\">\n\n        <span class=\"scu-bologna-quality-badge\">\n          ENQA\n        <\/span>\n\n        <h3>European Association for Quality Assurance<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131ndaki kalite g\u00fcvencesi\n          ajanslar\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getiren Avrupa d\u00fczeyindeki\n          temel kurulu\u015ftur.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-quality\">\n\n        <span class=\"scu-bologna-quality-badge\">\n          EQAR\n        <\/span>\n\n        <h3>European Quality Assurance Register<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          ESG&#8217;ye \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uyum sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilen\n          kalite g\u00fcvencesi ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa\n          Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131n\u0131n resm\u00ee sicilidir.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-quality\">\n\n        <span class=\"scu-bologna-quality-badge\">\n          Y\u00d6KAK\n        <\/span>\n\n        <h3>Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kalite Kurulu<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\n          T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kalite g\u00fcvencesi kurumudur.\n          Y\u00d6KAK, ENQA \u00fcyesidir ve EQAR sicilinde kay\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       BOLOGNA EKOS\u0130STEM\u0130 \/ LOGOLAR\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        Kurumlar ve A\u011flar\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Bologna ve Tan\u0131nma Ekosistemi<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Bologna S\u00fcreci tek bir kurum taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir sistem\n        de\u011fildir. Ulusal otoriteler, Avrupa d\u00fczeyindeki a\u011flar,\n        kalite kurumlar\u0131 ve tan\u0131nma merkezleri birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-logo-grid\">\n\n\n      <!-- Y\u00d6K -->\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-logo-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yok.gov.tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-logo-box\">\n\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/brand_yok.png\" alt=\"Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurulu Y\u00d6K\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\n        <\/div>\n\n        <strong>Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurulu \u2013 Y\u00d6K<\/strong>\n\n        <span>\n          T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemi, Bologna S\u00fcreci,\n          TYY\u00c7, tan\u0131ma ve denklik.\n        <\/span>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <!-- EHEA -->\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-logo-card\" href=\"https:\/\/ehea.info\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-logo-box\">\n\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:FilePath\/European%20Higher%20Education%20Area%20Logo.png\" alt=\"European Higher Education Area EHEA\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\n        <\/div>\n\n        <strong>\n          European Higher Education Area\n        <\/strong>\n\n        <span>\n          Bologna S\u00fcrecinin Avrupa d\u00fczeyindeki ortak\n          y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim alan\u0131.\n        <\/span>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <!-- ENIC NARIC -->\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-logo-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enic-naric.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-logo-box\">\n\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.coe.int\/documents\/27671768\/38115728\/ENIC-NARIC%2Blogo\/cc946cd4-a611-7a6b-2023-c38717205ed7?t=1661412722000\" alt=\"ENIC NARIC\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\n        <\/div>\n\n        <strong>ENIC-NARIC Networks<\/strong>\n\n        <span>\n          Yeterliliklerin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve ulusal y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim\n          sistemleri i\u00e7in resm\u00ee bilgi a\u011f\u0131.\n        <\/span>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <!-- EUROPASS -->\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-logo-card\" href=\"https:\/\/europass.europa.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <div class=\"scu-bologna-logo-box\">\n\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:FilePath\/Europass%20-%20European%20Union%20-%20Logo.svg\" alt=\"Europass\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\n        <\/div>\n\n        <strong>Europass<\/strong>\n\n        <span>\n          Becerilerin, yeterliliklerin ve Diploma Eki gibi\n          e\u011fitim belgelerinin Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131\n          destekleyen sistem.\n        <\/span>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       \u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130 A\u00c7ISINDAN\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        \u00d6\u011frenci A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Bologna S\u00fcreci \u00d6\u011frenci \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Gelir?<\/h2>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-student-grid\">\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-student\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-book\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Ders Bilgilerine Eri\u015fim<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Derslerin ama\u00e7, i\u00e7erik, \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131,\n          de\u011ferlendirme ve AKTS bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde\n          yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-student\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-airplane\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Uluslararas\u0131 Hareketlilik<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7irilen \u00f6\u011frenim d\u00f6nemlerinin daha\n          kolay planlanmas\u0131 ve akademik olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-student\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-file-earmark-richtext\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Diploma Supplement<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Mezun olunan program\u0131n ve kazan\u0131lan yeterlili\u011fin\n          ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde daha kolay anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n\n      <article class=\"scu-bologna-student\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-left-right\"><\/i>\n\n        <strong>Kredi Transferi<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n          Ba\u015fka bir kurumda ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlanan akademik\n          \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n AKTS ve tan\u0131nma ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla programa\n          aktar\u0131labilmesi.\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/article>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       SC\u00dc \u0130\u00c7 BA\u011eLANTILAR\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        SC\u00dc Rehberleri\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>\u0130lgili Bilgilendirme Sayfalar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-links\">\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"\/en\/ects-grading-scheme\/\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-table\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>ECTS Conversion Table<\/strong>\n          <span>Notland\u0131rma, AKTS ve y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyleri<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-chevron-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"\/en\/diploma-supplement\/\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-file-earmark-richtext\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Diploma Supplement<\/strong>\n          <span>Diploma Supplement hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-chevron-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"\/en\/recognition\/\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Recognition Procedures<\/strong>\n          <span>Erasmus+ \u00f6\u011frenim ve staj tan\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7leri<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-chevron-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/obs.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/oibs\/bologna\/index.aspx?lang=tr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-journal-text\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>SC\u00dc Bologna Ders Bilgi Sistemi<\/strong>\n          <span>Program, m\u00fcfredat ve ders bilgileri<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- =========================================================\n       RESM\u0130 KAYNAKLAR\n  ========================================================== -->\n  <section class=\"scu-bologna-section\">\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-section-head\">\n\n      <span class=\"scu-bologna-eyebrow\">\n        Resm\u00ee Kaynaklar\n      <\/span>\n\n      <h2>Bologna, AKTS ve Tan\u0131nma Kaynaklar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n      <p>\n        Bologna S\u00fcreci, AKTS, akademik tan\u0131nma ve kalite\n        g\u00fcvencesine ili\u015fkin g\u00fcncel bilgilere resm\u00ee kurumsal\n        kaynaklardan eri\u015febilirsiniz.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"scu-bologna-links\">\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ehea.info\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-globe-europe-africa\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>EHEA<\/strong>\n          <span>Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 resm\u00ee sitesi<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/uluslararasi.yok.gov.tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-building\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Y\u00d6K Uluslararas\u0131<\/strong>\n          <span>Bologna S\u00fcreci ve TYY\u00c7<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/education.ec.europa.eu\/education-levels\/higher-education\/inclusive-and-connected-higher-education\/european-credit-transfer-and-accumulation-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-pie-chart\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>European Commission \u2013 ECTS<\/strong>\n          <span>Avrupa Kredi Transfer ve Biriktirme Sistemi<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enic-naric.net\/page-Turkiye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-globe2\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>ENIC-NARIC T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong>\n          <span>T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim ve tan\u0131nma bilgileri<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/denklik.yok.gov.tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-patch-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Y\u00d6K Tan\u0131ma ve Denklik<\/strong>\n          <span>Yabanc\u0131 y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim yeterlilikleri<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.coe.int\/en\/web\/higher-education-and-research\/lisbon-recognition-convention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-journal-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Lizbon Tan\u0131ma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/strong>\n          <span>Avrupa Konseyi resm\u00ee kayna\u011f\u0131<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enqa.eu\/esg-standards-and-guidelines-for-quality-assurance-in-the-european-higher-education-area\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-shield-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>ENQA \u2013 ESG<\/strong>\n          <span>Avrupa kalite g\u00fcvencesi standartlar\u0131<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eqar.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-list-check\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>EQAR<\/strong>\n          <span>Avrupa kalite g\u00fcvencesi ajanslar\u0131 sicili<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yokak.gov.tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-award\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Y\u00d6KAK<\/strong>\n          <span>T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kalite g\u00fcvencesi<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n\n      <a class=\"scu-bologna-link\" href=\"https:\/\/europass.europa.eu\/tr\/what-europass-1\/education-and-training\/diploma-eki\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-file-earmark-text\"><\/i>\n\n        <div>\n          <strong>Europass Diploma Eki<\/strong>\n          <span>Diploma Supplement resm\u00ee Avrupa kayna\u011f\u0131<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-up-right\"><\/i>\n\n      <\/a>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/section>\n\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avrupa Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Alan\u0131 \u00b7 Akademik \u015eeffafl\u0131k ve Tan\u0131nma Bologna S\u00fcreci ve AKTS Bologna S\u00fcreci; Avrupa&#8217;daki y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim sistemlerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir, \u015feffaf, \u00f6\u011frenci merkezli ve uluslararas\u0131 hareketlili\u011fi destekleyen ortak bir yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde geli\u015fmesini ama\u00e7layan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler aras\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi s\u00fcrecidir. AKTS, Diploma Eki, yeterlilik \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri, akademik tan\u0131nma ve kalite g\u00fcvencesi bu yap\u0131n\u0131n temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bologna S\u00fcreci 1999&#8217;dan Beri [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":980,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10313","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":7}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/PfKvKT-2Gl","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10313"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10329,"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10313\/revisions\/10329"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/erasmus.cumhuriyet.edu.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}